Everything You Need to Know About DiSEqC Switches

If you're interested in receiving satellite signals from multiple satellites to be able to receive TV from multiple countries at the same time, a term you're likely to come across is DiSEqC (pronounced "di-sec"), you may be wondering what is this? How does it work? And, how do I install my own DiSEqC switch? Fear not, we are here to assist you. DiSEqC stands for Digital Satellite Equipment Control, is a technology that allows users of satellite TV systems to to control multiple satellite dishes or LNBs (Low Noise Block converters) with a single satellite receiver. This article explores the fundamentals of DiSEqC switches, their types, applications, and how to set them up for optimal performance.

What is a DiSEqC Switch?

A DiSEqC switch is an electronic device used in satellite systems to select between different satellite signals. The switch is controlled by a satellite receiver, which sends digital commands to switch between different inputs. DiSEqC technology enables the management of multiple satellites, making it easier for users to access a wide range of channels without needing multiple receivers. Typically a DiSEqC switch is an external switch in which two or more LNB's from satellite dishes combine into one cable to connect to a satellite TV receiver. This isn't always the case as DiSQqC technology can also be built into LNB's themselves, for example a Monoblock LNB or into satellite distribution multiswitch amplifiers.

How DiSEqC Switches Work

DiSEqC switches operate by receiving commands from the satellite receiver, which are sent through the coaxial cable. These commands tell the switch which satellite input to select. The receiver generates these commands based on the user’s channel selection, seamlessly switching between different satellites or LNBs.

Types of DiSEqC Switches

DiSEqC switches come in various types, each designed to handle specific requirements and configurations. The main types include:

1. DiSEqC 1.0 Switch:
   • Inputs: Up to 4 satellite inputs.
   • Applications: Suitable for small systems with a few satellites.
   • Compatibility: Works with most satellite receivers supporting DiSEqC.
2. DiSEqC 1.1 Switch:
   • Inputs: Up to 16 satellite inputs.
   • Applications: Ideal for larger systems requiring more satellite connections.
   • Compatibility: Requires a receiver that supports DiSEqC 1.1 or higher.
3. DiSEqC 1.2 Switch:
   • Additional Features: Motorized dish control. (East/ West azimuth adjustments)
   • Applications: Used in systems with motorized satellite dishes for fine-tuning satellite positions.
   • Compatibility: Requires a receiver that supports DiSEqC 1.2 or higher
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4. DiSQqC 1.3 Switch / Universal Satellites Automatic Location System (USALS)
   • Features: Automatic motorized dish control, based of longitude/ latitude of geostationary satellites in relation to dish location.
   • Applications: Used for control of motorised satellite dish installations, a simpler set up to DiSEqC 1.2
   • Compatibility: Requires a satellite supporting USALS (unofficially DiSEqC 1.3)‍
5. DiSEqC 2.0 and 2.1 Switches:

• Bidirectional Communication: Allows feedback from the switch to the receiver.
• Applications: Advanced systems needing communication verification.
• Compatibility: DiSEqC 2.0 and higher.

Applications of DiSEqC Switches

DiSEqC switches are widely used in various satellite TV setups, including:

• Residential Systems: To connect multiple satellite dishes to a single receiver, providing access to a broader range of channels.
• Commercial Installations: In hotels, apartments, and large buildings where multiple satellite feeds are required.
• Motorized Satellite Systems: For users who have motorized dishes and need precise control over satellite positions.

Setting Up a DiSEqC Switch

Setting up a DiSEqC switch involves connecting the satellite dishes or LNBs to the switch inputs and the switch output to the satellite receiver. Here’s a step-by-step guide, please that you will need to tune the channels on each satellite that you're using:

1. Connect the Cables:
   • Connect the coaxial cables from each LNB to the corresponding input ports on the DiSEqC switch.
   • Connect the output port of the DiSEqC switch to the satellite receiver.
2. Configure the Satellite Receiver:
   • Access the satellite settings menu on your receiver.
   • Assign each satellite position to the correct DiSEqC port (e.g., Satellite A to Port 1, Satellite B to Port 2, etc.).
   • Tune in satellite TV services for each satellite.
   • Save the settings and exit the menu.
3. Test the Setup:
   • Switch between different satellite channels to ensure the receiver correctly switches between the inputs.
   • If necessary, adjust the settings to fine-tune the performance. For motorized satellite systems, this may involve adjusting the alignment settings or dish alignment
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Troubleshooting DiSEqC Switch Issues

If you encounter problems with your DiSEqC switch setup, consider these troubleshooting tips:

• Check Connections: Ensure all coaxial cables are securely connected and undamaged.
• Verify Settings: Double-check the DiSEqC settings on your receiver to ensure they match the switch configuration. Refer to manufacturer literature.
• Test Individual Components: Connect each LNB directly to the receiver to verify they are working correctly.
• Update Firmware: Ensure your receiver's firmware is up to date, as updates can resolve compatibility issues.
• Contact Tech Support: Most manufacturers will have tech support team you should require any information pertaining to the set up of their equipment.

Advantages of Using DiSEqC Switches

Using DiSEqC switches offers several benefits, including:

• Increased Channel Selection: Access multiple satellites and a wider range of channels without needing multiple receivers.
• Simplified Setup: Manage multiple LNBs with a single switch, reducing the complexity of your satellite system. DiSEqC switches can be combined with dishes with multi-LNB holders to remove the need for multiple satellite dishes.
• Enhanced Flexibility: Easily add or remove satellite dishes without overhauling your entire setup.

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Monoblock LNB

A special mention should be given to Monoblock LNB's and compatible amplifiers as these may negate the need for a separate switch altogether. Monoblock LNB's are essentially multiple LNB's in one, you will need that they have separate feedhorns joined together not unlike Siamese twins. Monoblock LNB's come with a variety of degree separations and to successfully install one you need to pick one that is correct for the satellites that you wish to receive. For example, to successfully receive satellite signals from the Astra 1 satellites at 19.2E and the Hotbird satellites a degree Monoblock LNB will be required. Triplefeed Monoblocks can also be obtained such as the Inverto Triplefeed LNB that can receive from 13E, 16E, and 19.2E at the same time.

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DiSEqC Compatible Multiswitch Amplifiers

For large communal TV systems that need to relay satellite TV from multiple countries at the same time, this can be done with multiple satellite dishes and DiSEqC compatible multiswitch amplifiers. Typically these amplifiers will have 4 satellite satellite inputs with the same number cable backbone for each satellite dish LNB for each of the high/ low/ horizontal/ vertical bands, this means that when including a cable for terrestrial TV/ radio signals systems carrying two satellites will typically be referred to as 9 cable systems, 3 satellites will be referred to as 13 wire systems, and 4 satellite communal TV systems will be referred to as 17 wire systems. This however is beginning to change with the advent of wideband LNB systems which can carry all of the satellite services over two cables rather than four.

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Conclusion

DiSEqC switches are essential components for anyone looking to maximize their satellite TV system's capabilities. By understanding the different types of DiSEqC switches and their applications, you can choose the right switch for your needs and set it up for optimal performance. Whether you're a residential user looking to expand your channel selection or a commercial installer managing a complex system, DiSEqC switches provide the flexibility and control needed to manage multiple satellite signals efficiently.

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• Further reading: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DiSEqC